PICTURES

Taking Pictures

The word composition has lots of ways to undrstand it. Here the easiest way to understand it composition clearly: Composition is the parts of which a thing is made.
There lots of different compositions in photography
These is the list of some that will be explained one by one in the next chapter

1. Depth od Field
2. Rules of Third
3. Repetition
4. Point of View
5. Framing
6. Balancing
7. Contrast

Introduction

 

Photography

What is the blog about?

The blog is an assessment that was given to us by our teacher to complete some questions about photography.
Photography: is the act of taking a photograph (picture, image)
Everybody can take a picture, but it’s very important to know about photography so that your picture cannot be taken by random. As in football or any other sports, for a person to be called professional he/she has to know the principals or have some basics in the sport.

This blog can also help viewers to have knowledge on photography.

The Camera

Parts of a camera

   The 3 important things on a camera

     They are 3 important things that affect the quality of your picture.

Remember: (the quality of your picture depends on your knowledge about photography)
These are the 3 important things: the shutter (shutter speed), the aperture and the ISO.

They are represented like this:]

A.THE SHUTTER SPEED: The shutter is the moving cover the lens of a camera, which opens when a photograph is taken. When it opens, the light is allowed in the camera. By adjusting the shutter speed you can control the movement of your subject moving through your frame.
The shutter speed is known as well as the exposure time

B. THE APERTURE

The aperture is the opening in a camera, through which the light passes.

C. THE ISO:

The ISO controls how sensitive the cameras sensor is to light and also how the sensitive film is to light.

The SHUTTER SPEED the ISO and APERTURE they depend a factor called the LIGHT

THE LIGHT:

In 1980s it was very difficult to get a good image in the day light. To have a good image, they used what I call the natural 3 lights setting. This light was taken from the window.

The 3 light techniques:
The 3 light techniques is a standard use in film, clips and still photography such as studio. Once you have understand the three lighting techniques, you can have good image qualities even with natural lights (Sun, Moon).

Each of the 3 lights has a name

1. THE KEY LIGHT 
This is the main light. It always the stronger and has influence on the look of the scene. It is always placed to one side of the object or the person, so that one side it's well lighten another has the shadow.

2.THE KEY LIGHT:

It is the second light placed opposite the Key light and gives light to the shadow created by the key light.

3.THE BACK LIGHT 

The back light is placed behind the object and lights the rear.

Depth of field

In optics, particularly as it relates to film and photography, depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an
image. Although a lens can precisely focus at only one distance at a time, the decrease in sharpness is gradual on each side of the focused distance, so that within the DOF, the sharpness is imperceptible under normal viewing conditions

There two types of depth of field

The first time of depth of field is :

1.Shallow:  It is when only one thing is in focus and everything else in the background is out of focus. Here is an example of a shallow depth of field.

About the picture: As you can see that everything in the background is out of focus (the second plant, the windows and the wall) and there is only one in focus (the first plant).
I can retake the same picture, because I took care of my position, the shutter, the aperture and the ISO.
Position: This is close up of the plant and some object in the background.
Shutter speed:1/350sec
Aperture: f5
ISO: ISO 200
To improve this picture i thing i should have place the more closer to the plant and leave the aperture up to f/2.
Location: oldham college
These plant' is not more than a meter, so i got closer to them and i tried to focus on the first plant to create a shallow DOF.
Equipments: camera
How to control Depth of Field Distance from the subject to camera.
If closer to the camera then background may appear out of focus (Shallow DOF).

Example: 2
Here is the same picture

Shutter speed: 1/60
ISO: ISO-200
Aperture:F/8
Here you can notice that everything in the background is in focus and the plant in front is out of focus. Don’t worry this as well is a shallow depth of field.

Shutter speed: 1/60 sec

Aperture: f/5.6

ISO: ISO-400
About the picture: it is a keyboard picture. You can see in the picture that almost everything is out of focus and 2, Q, Aand Z are in focus. So a shallow DOF can have one or more things in focus. Most of shallow DOF are obtained by taking a big close of the object (s) or a person (people).
(This picture has three types of composition: Shallow DOF, Repetition and Leading lines.) A shallow DOF can have more than one object or person in focus. This is an example of a bad shallow depth of field because my position was bad while i was taking the picture and the aperture was open up to f/5.6 but i should open it up to f/7 or 8 to allow more light to come in


Pictures (shallow)
I've tried to be more creative by putting a pen lid in the stones to great a shallow DOF

I've left the shutter open for a long time to let (allow) come in. this picture is not edited

ou can notice that the background in the picture is a bit bright.
Aperture: f/8
Shutter Speed: 1/125
ISO: 400
Location: Oldham College
Equipments: Camera , pen lid




If I to compare this picture to that one, it is the same thing but the background is a bit black than the first one. This one is very clear bur the first one.
Aperture: f/8
Shutter Speed: 1/130
ISO: ISO-250
Location: Oldham College
Equipment: Camera, pen lid





2. Wide:
 A picture is said wide, when everything in the picture is not out
of focus but in focus.
These picture can be found i things like: family picture, team( football, basket ball. and etc...)

a park.

Example:

This picture is wide open, every single thing is clear

This is a picture of a garden: you can see that everything is in focus which always you to see really the beauty of the garden.
Aperture: f11
Shutter speed: 1/8
ISO: ISO 220
I like this picture because it's a good example of wide DOF.





This is a bad example of a wide depth of field. because in a wide depth of field we usually want to see everything in it's clearly. to improve this picture i should have change my position so that i could have all the tree i the camera screen.
Aperture: f/11
Shutter Speed: 1/250
ISO: ISO-400
Location: Oldham College
Equipment: Camerea


Remember: The more you aperture is open, the more the picture is blurry.
the problem with this picture is that it's not clear as I've open the aperture up to f/2
to improve this, i should open the aperture up to f/5.6 to have it more clearly.
Aperture: f/3
Shutter Speed: 1/300
ISO: ISO-400
Location:Oldham College
Equipments: Camera

Rules of third

There are some imagination lines that photographers draw in their mind while taking a picture and those lines devise the image or the camera screen into three parts (thirds) both vertically and horizontally.

The rules of thirds is represented like this

Important elements of your composition are placed in the intersection (where the lines are joined) of the imaginary lines . Ideal places to put the important element are:

Third of the way up, third of the way from the left or right , right in the middle, right in the corner and the bottom.

See here that the main subject (object) is the person in the picture, I've tried to place him in the third way from the right and I got a bit of the background to make it more interesting

Aperture: f/5.6
Shutter speed: 1/60 sec
ISO: ISO-500

Location: Oldham College
Equipment: Camera
This is the best example of role of thirds. the main object is the person in it, I've tried to place in the corner so that i might obtain a good rules of thirds. there is space for the background to be seen.
location: Oldham college (stairs)
I've chosen the stairs because the person (main object) was taller then me, i placed in on the stair so that we may have the same length. Whilst taking this picture, I've tried to put the main object on the left corner of the screen by putting his eyes in the intersection to obtain a rules pf third.

Aperture: f/5.3
Shutter speed: 1/500 sec
ISO: ISO:200
Location: Oldham College
Equipment: Camera
This is a bad example of rules of thirds. to improve this picture i shouldn't leave the aperture open up to f/11, the shutter speed 1/650, ISO 400 so that more light should have come in.

Different positions where you can put the main object

On the left side of the screen.

In the middle